![]() ![]() The use case assumes a scenario in line with the emerging energy landscape of a district of domestic prosumers, with a high penetration of micro-generation, energy storage and electric vehicles. A use case is presented of applying the ontology within a multi-agent system, which enables the optimization of day-ahead markets, load balancing, and stochastic renewable generation, and closely aligns with the holonic approach to deliver a holonic multi-agent system. This interoperability is achieved through ontological modelling of the domain, based on the existing standards of CIM, OpenADR, and The produced ontology utilizes description logic to formalize the concepts, relationships and properties of the domain. Specifically, this paper focuses on enabling interoperability between system entities such as smart homes, local load aggregators, and last mile network operators. Artificial intelligence is present at each of the entities in order to express constraints, trade energy and flexibility, and optimize the network management decisions within that entity's scope. Further, the concept of a flexibility market is introduced, whereby smart appliance owners are able to sell load curtailment and deferment to a local aggregator, which interfaces between a small number of homes and a distribution system operator. This reduces the decision complexity of the problem and facilitates the implementation of optimized solutions in real power systems in a scalable and robust manner. The presented work describes a systemic approach based on the concept of holonic systems, which exemplify the role of autonomy, belonging, connectivity, diversity and emergence across entities. However, the management of heterogeneous software entities, incompatible data models and domain perspectives, across systems of systems of significant complexity, represent critical barriers to sustainable urban energy solutions and leads to a highly challenging problem space. Further, this leverages the development of product models at the device, building, and network level within the operational lifecycle stage, beyond the conventional role of BIM between design and construction stages. ![]() This aims to reduce power transmission losses, increase the generation share of renewable energy sources and create new markets through peak shaving and flexibility markets. more Recent work has attempted to deliver optimized distributed energy resource management, including the use of demand side management through smart homes. Recent work has attempted to deliver optimized distributed energy resource management, including. Future research avenues are identified to support this transition regarding interoper-ability, secure distributed control and a system of systems approach. This promotes the systemic features of autonomy, belonging, connectivity, diversity and emergence, and balances global and local system objectives, through adaptive control topologies and demand responsive energy management. The paper therefore contributes a description of holonic energy systems and the implicit research required towards sustainability and resilience in the imminent energy landscape. We argue that a new generation of holonic energy systems is required to orchestrate the interplay between these dense, diverse and distributed energy components. Given the ongoing boom in these fields, this will lead to new challenges and opportunities as the status-quo of energy systems changes dramatically. Each of these emerging urban energy concepts holds merit when applied within a centralized grid paradigm, but very little research applies these approaches within the emerging energy landscape typified by a high penetration of distributed energy resources, prosumers (consumers and producers), interoperability, and big data. This includes a discussion of modern concepts such as 'smart grid', 'microgrid', 'virtual power plant' and 'multi-energy system', and the relationships between them, as well as the trends towards distributed intelligence and interoperability. This paper elaborates on these generations of energy systems by critically reviewing relevant authoritative literature. more The energy landscape is experiencing accelerating change centralized energy systems are being decarbonized, and transitioning towards distributed energy systems, facilitated by advances in power system management and information and communication technologies. The energy landscape is experiencing accelerating change centralized energy systems are being de. ![]()
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